{"id":3974,"date":"2024-01-18T22:26:45","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T22:26:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learningcommons.twu.ca\/?page_id=3974"},"modified":"2024-08-28T09:57:49","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T17:57:49","slug":"quick-start-guide-dashes-and-colons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/2024\/01\/18\/quick-start-guide-dashes-and-colons\/","title":{"rendered":"Dashes and Colons"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3974\" class=\"elementor elementor-3974\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-329582a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"329582a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-965f6be e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"965f6be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb99f4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb99f4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Welcome!<\/h3><p><strong>Welcome to the Learning Commons Quick Start Guide on dashes and colons!<\/strong><\/p><p>Dashes and colons are essential to incorporate into your grammar toolkit. After this lesson, you will be prepared to use these punctuation marks to create more gripping, well-paced papers.\u00a0<\/p><p>Difficulty with navigating the correct use of colons and semicolons is a common experience in Academic Writing. Many people struggle to identify when and when not to use colons and semicolons. If you are struggling, know that you are in good company!<\/p><p>This guide will explain:<\/p><ul><li>What dashes are and when to use them<\/li><li>What colons are and how to use them<\/li><\/ul><p>Let\u2019s get started!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7430fba e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7430fba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f94035c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f94035c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><h5><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>Course Information<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><p><strong>Course Level:<\/strong>\u00a0Beginner<\/p><p><strong>Time to Complete:\u00a0<\/strong>15 mins<\/p><p><strong>Perfect for:<\/strong>\u00a0Students in WRTG100\/101, ENGL103, or anyone who needs a refresher.<\/p><p><strong>Guide Creator:<\/strong> Kieran Wear<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7114700 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7114700\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><h5><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>Additional resources<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><p>Below are some great links to follow if you want to read more on commas:<\/p><p><strong>Links to handouts:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.twu.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/twu-colon-semicolon-handout.pdf\">TWU Handout<\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/punctuation\/commas\/commas_vs_semicolons.html\">Purdue OWL<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9c994b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a9c994b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9198d98 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9198d98\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95b0554 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95b0554\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3><span style=\"color: #000080\">Dashes 101<\/span><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f12f5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"1f12f5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/tLmDYzhv6Z0&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ee09c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ee09c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af3bada elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af3bada\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This video is a primer on what makes for both effective:<\/p><ul><li>Em dashes<\/li><li>En dashes<\/li><\/ul><p><em><strong>In this mini-course we explore this in more detail:<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ol><li>When to use em dashes<\/li><li>When to use en dashes<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cab51e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0cab51e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0ae9c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0ae9c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><span style=\"color: #000080\">Dashes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Dashes are small horizontal lines that float within sentences. Dashes function, like all punctuation, to change how the words in a sentence relate to one-another.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Unlike hyphens (the short line between \u201cone\u201d and \u201canother\u201d in the sentence above is a hyphen), dashes appear between whole words.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aad57e7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aad57e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90848dd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"90848dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253f7c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"253f7c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3901\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3901\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Em Dashes<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3901\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3901\"><p>Em dashes (the length of the dash is as long as an \u201cm\u201d) are used as a way of separating clauses.<\/p><p>Em dashes have several uses, but they all work to\u00a0<b>separate out a clause.\u00a0<\/b>They can:<\/p><p><b>Emphasize a point.<\/b><\/p><p>Em dashes emphatically (that is, forcefully) separate parts of a sentence, giving more energy to a sentence than almost any other punctuation.\u00a0<\/p><p>Examples:\u00a0<\/p><p>Chaucer\u2019s\u00a0<i>Canterbury Tales<\/i>, uninteresting as it may seem, changed the English language.\u00a0<\/p><p>Chaucer\u2019s\u00a0<i>Canterbury Tales<\/i><i>\u2014<\/i>uninteresting as it may seem\u2014changed the English language.<\/p><p>In the above example, the clause \u201cuninteresting as it may seem\u201d is more emphatically stressed when em dashes are applied, and thus the pacing of the sentence becomes a bit quicker.\u00a0<\/p><p><b>Show an introduction or a conclusion.<\/b><\/p><p>Em dashes can emphasize information at the end or beginning of a sentence as well as within it.<\/p><p>Examples:<\/p><p>There is one aspect of Chaucer\u2019s work that ought to make modern readers aghast<i>\u2014<\/i>antisemitism.\u00a0<\/p><p>Chaucer has been called the father of English literature<i>\u2014<\/i>an oft used, if not wholly accurate title.\u00a0<\/p><p><b>Emphasize a modifier.<\/b><\/p><p>There are many ways that em dashes can be used for emphasis, and we do not want to get bogged down in the possibilities, but one last common example can be found in emphasizing a modifier.<\/p><p>Example:<\/p><p>The Pardoner\u2019s<i>\u2014<\/i>frightening and bloody<i>\u2014<\/i>tale is a moral \u201cexemplum\u201d meant to lead listeners to a moral conclusion.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Em dashes have several uses, but a good rule of thumb is to remember that they can replace other punctuation in a sentence, most often when that punctuation would otherwise be awkward. Commas, parentheses, and colons can all potentially be replaced by an em dash<i>\u2014<\/i>usually with the result of a more emphatic clause.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-342674e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"342674e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e66ed8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"6e66ed8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1151\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1151\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">En Dashes<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1151\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1151\"><p>En dashes (whose lengths are the same as an \u201cn\u201d) are half the size of an em dash and slightly larger than a hyphen. Unlike em dashes, en dashes have quite specific times in which they may be used, and do not stand in for other punctuation.\u00a0<\/p><p><b>Date and number ranges.<\/b><\/p><p>Standing in for the words \u201cto,\u201d \u201cthrough,\u201d \u201cincluding,\u201d and \u201cup to\u201d (but \u201cto\u201d more than anything else), en dashes are often used in showing ranges of numbers and portraying the movement of time.\u00a0<\/p><p>Examples:\u00a0<\/p><p>Living circa 1340\u20131400, Geoffrey Chaucer did much in his 60 years to impact the next 600 years of English literature.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u201cI\u2019ve read\u00a0<i>The Canterbury Tales\u00a0<\/i>10\u201312 times\u201d Katie bragged to Dr. Green, luxuriating in a sparkle in the professor\u2019s eyes that she mistook to be awe.<\/p><p>If the first example had included the word \u201cfrom\u201d before the first date, it would not have needed an en dash, but would have rather read as \u201cliving from circa 1340 to 1400\u2026\u201d Thus, any time you introduce your numbers (And dates, in particular) with the word \u201cfrom,\u201d maintain the \u201cto\u201d that the en dash is replacing.\u00a0<\/p><p>Likewise, if the second example had introduced the scale with the word \u201cbetween,\u201d the en dash would have to be replaced with \u201cand,\u201d making the sentence \u201cI\u2019ve read\u00a0<i>The Canterbury Tales\u00a0<\/i>between 10 and 12 times\u2026\u201d So, when ranges are introduced with the word \u201cbetween,\u201d ensure that you do not use an en dash.<\/p><p><b>Movement and scores.<\/b><\/p><p>Still standing in for the word \u201cto,\u201d en dashes can also be used to indicate things like athletic scores and travel.<\/p><p>Examples:<\/p><p>Finishing with a final score of 3\u201310, my quiz team certainly learned the hard way what Katie McDonald had meant when she said that she knew Chaucer \u201cbetter than all of you plebeians.\u201d\u00a0<\/p><p>The London-Canterbury route, although an easy drive today, was no little journey in the 14th century when pilgrims often made the trip on foot.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><b>Complex compound adjectives.<\/b><\/p><p>Our final use for en dashes is found in simplifying sets of compound adjectives. Compound adjectives are simply those adjectives that contain multiple words, often with a hyphen. A \u201cbrightly-lit\u201d room, or a \u201chigh school\u201d sophomore. The need for an en dash arises when two of these compound adjectives are in use at once. (Please note that most academic style guides prefer the use of as few hyphens as needed, and as clear of language as possible so it is the rare sentence that will need to deal with multiple compound adjectives at once.)\u00a0<\/p><p>Example:<\/p><p>We know that in the post\u2013Middle English era of today, films and books contain plotlines that are ripped from earlier stories, but what we rarely realize is that there is a long history of this kind of \u201cplot stealing,\u201d extending all the way back to Shakespeare and Chaucer.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Because \u201cMiddle English\u201d is a compound noun (but operating like an adjective here, in that it describes \u201cera\u201d), the en dash helps make sense of and separate the \u201cpost\u201d that is also working to describe \u201cera.\u201d<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f54fdf4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f54fdf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Your Turn: Test Your Understanding<\/span><\/h5><p>That was a lot of information! Think you have a handle on it? Test yourself!<\/p><div class=\"postbox h5p-sidebar\"><div class=\"h5p-action-bar-settings h5p-panel\"><code><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-48\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"48\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Em Dash quiz\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/code><\/div><\/div><div class=\"postbox h5p-sidebar\">\u00a0<\/div><div><div class=\"postbox h5p-sidebar\"><div class=\"h5p-action-bar-settings h5p-panel\"><code><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-47\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"47\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Em an En Dash fill in the Blank\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/code><\/div><\/div><div class=\"postbox h5p-sidebar\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4723714 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4723714\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b68fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b68fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font-size: 28px\">Colons<\/h2><h5 style=\"font-size: 24px;color: #002d72\">Seven Rules:<\/h5><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #1 <\/span><b>Series or List<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon to start a series\/list that is introduced by an independent clause.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friedrich Nietzsche wrote several of my favourite books: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Beyond Good and Evil, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Antichrist<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For many, Nietzsche is known for just two things: his atheism and his depression.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #2 <\/span><b>Consequence of an Action\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon to introduce the effect or logical consequence of an action.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Looking at the world around him, Nietzsche finds that he can come to only one conclusion: God is dead.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nietzsche wanted to demonstrate, through his radical language, that European society had finally made one social force irrelevant: Christianity.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #3 <\/span><b>Quotation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon before a long quotation that is an independent clause. In MLA Format, the quote should be four or more lines long.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ever concerned with &#8220;will,&#8221; in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thus Spoke Zarathustra <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nietzsche writes:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 80px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Will\u2014that is the name of the liberator and joy-bringer; thus I taught you, my friends. But now learn this too: the will itself is still a prisoner. Willing liberates; but what is it that puts even the liberator himself in fetters? \u201cIt was\u201d\u2014that is the name of the will\u2019s gnashing of teeth and most secret melancholy (139).<\/span><\/p><h5 style=\"font-size: 24px;color: #002d72\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Your Turn: Test Your Understanding!<\/span><\/h5><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-44\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"44\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Colon quiz\"><\/iframe><\/div><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #4<\/span><b> Letter or Memo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon after the salutation in a business letter or memo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dear Walter Kaufmann:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To the editorial board of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Journal of Nietzsche Studies:<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #5 <\/span><b>Separating Chapter and Verse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon to separate the chapter and verse in religious scripture. Note that in MLA the correct punctuation for both religious scripture and plays is actually a period.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thus Spoke Zarathustra <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">works against<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Genesis 1:1, presenting self-creation in place of what we might call \u201cGod-creation.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fargard 2:1 of the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zend-Avesta<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (the primary holy text of Zoroastrianism, from which Nietzsche lifts the character &#8220;Zarathustra&#8221;) proves to be an important read for the involved Nietzsche scholar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #6 <\/span><b>Separating Hours and Minutes\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon to separate hours from minutes when stating the time.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I looked up at 2:30 in the morning and\u2014shocked\u2014put down my <em>Ecce Homo<\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, having finally realized that I really am a nerd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rule #7 <\/span><b>Ratios<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Use a colon to show a ratio.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cUnderstanding Nietzsche is a matter of proportion,\u201d explained Dr. Smith. \u201cIt\u2019s a 3:1 ratio. Three parts reading and rereading his texts as broadly as you can, one part reveling in the audacity of it all.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the philosophy quiz we were split up into teams of 12:1. That is, 12 undergrad students for every postgrad.<\/span><\/p><h5 style=\"font-size: 24px;color: #002d72\">Try a few more sentences<\/h5><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-43\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"43\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Colon Quiz 2\"><\/iframe><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a62713b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7a62713b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2695d67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2695d67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wrap-up and self-check<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e339aba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e339aba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-45\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"45\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Dash and colon self-check\"><\/iframe><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f5c6838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4f5c6838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Congratulations!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-401e27ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"401e27ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ui-provider ed bts axo axp axq axr axs axt axu axv axw axx axy axz aya ayb ayc ayd aye ayf btt btu ayi ayj ayk ayl aym ayn ayo ayp ayq ayr ays ayt ayu\" dir=\"ltr\">Now, return to the Learning Commons Resource Moodle and do the exit quiz to confirm your new knowledge!<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-669086 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"669086\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xl\" href=\"http:\/\/mailto%3Asomeone%40yoursite.com%3Fsubject%3DI%2520passed%2520the%2520Apostrophes%2520class!%26amp%3Bbody%3DDear%2520Professor%252C%250A%250AI%2520am%2520writing%2520to%2520let%2520you%2520know%2520that%2520I%2520have%2520passed%2520the%2520Apostrophes%2520course%2520on%2520the%2520LC%2520website!%2520%250A%250AMany%2520thanks%252C\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Send an email!<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19b7fd33 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"19b7fd33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f1c2e68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f1c2e68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f237ffb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f237ffb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33aab8a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"33aab8a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additonal Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f41b29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f41b29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>These are great links to follow if you want to read more about dashes and colons (with some bonus about semicolons again):<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/writingcenter.unc.edu\/tips-and-tools\/semi-colons-colons-and-dashes\/\">Colons, Semicolons, and Dashes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.grammarly.com\/blog\/dash\/#:~:text=A%20dash%20is%20a%20little,words%20like%20a%20hyphen%20does.\">Dashes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>If you would like to talk any of this through then we look forward to talking to you.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www1.twu.ca\/writingcentre\">Book an appointment!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47198da e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"47198da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cb8172 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9cb8172\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ui-provider ed bts axo axp axq axr axs axt axu axv axw axx axy axz aya ayb ayc ayd aye ayf btt btu ayi ayj ayk ayl aym ayn ayo ayp ayq ayr ays ayt ayu\" dir=\"ltr\">Now, return to the Learning Commons Resource Moodle and do the exit quiz to confirm your new knowledge!<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dashes and colons are essential to incorporate into your grammar toolkit. After this lesson, you will be prepared to use these punctuation marks to create more gripping, well-paced papers. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":123,"featured_media":9749,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-quickstart-guides"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/files\/2024\/03\/9.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pad6JM-126","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3974","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3974"}],"version-history":[{"count":45,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3974\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12793,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3974\/revisions\/12793"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3974"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3974"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3974"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}