{"id":4086,"date":"2020-09-16T19:48:22","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T02:48:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learningcommons.twu.ca\/?page_id=4086"},"modified":"2024-08-28T09:57:49","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T17:57:49","slug":"quick-start-guide-restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-qualifiers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/2020\/09\/16\/quick-start-guide-restrictive-and-nonrestrictive-qualifiers\/","title":{"rendered":"Restrictive and Non-restrictive Qualifiers"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4086\" class=\"elementor elementor-4086\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b063601 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b063601\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fde6613 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fde6613\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01bca33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01bca33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Welcome!<\/h3><p><strong>Welcome to the Learning Commons Quick Start Guide to Restrictive and Non-restrictive Qualifiers!<\/strong><\/p><p>Often when writing, we need to add further clarification about a noun beyond simply using the noun itself. This qualifying information can either provide new information about the noun or cause the noun to refer to a more specific person, place, or thing. Although they appear similar, these two types of qualifiers need to be treated differently in order to reduce confusion.<\/p><p>This guide will explain:<\/p><ul><li>The difference between restrictive and non-restrictive qualifiers<\/li><li>How to punctuate them<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-203116c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"203116c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3><span style=\"color: #000080\">Qualifiers 101<\/span><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cf2e48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0cf2e48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-706ba90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"706ba90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>Course Information<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Course Level:<\/strong>\u00a0Beginner<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Time to Complete:\u00a0<\/strong>&lt;10 mins<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Perfect for:<\/strong>\u00a0Students in WRTG100\/101, ENGL103, or anyone who needs a refresher.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Guide Creator:<\/strong>\u00a0Abby Pernsteiner<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-564a1b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"564a1b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>Resources<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.upwritepress.com\/_blog\/Write_for_Business_-_Blog\/post\/Using_Punctuation_Commas_to_Set_Off_Nonrestrictive_Modifiers\/\">Upwrite Press Blog<\/a><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/englishplus.com\/grammar\/00000081.htm\">English Plus<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7242a5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7242a5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10cf35d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"10cf35d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2d10b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"d2d10b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=JAWofAgyvf4&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c621454 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c621454\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f383e76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f383e76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This video introduces important information about restrictive and non-restrictive qualifiers:<\/p><ul><li>What a restrictive modifier is<\/li><li>What a non-restrictive modifier is<\/li><li>How to punctuate them.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54fb6b4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"54fb6b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee854d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bee854d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"inner-header custom_h1_head\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">What\u2019s the Difference?<\/span><\/h1><p><strong>A restrictive modifier<\/strong> is information that is essential to the meaning of the sentence. Without it, something important would be missing. For example, in the sentence \u201cThe beach that we go to every summer is in California\u201d, the modifier \u201cthat we go to every summer\u201d is essential information. The speaker is referencing a specific beach by distinguishing it. It is not just a beach in California, but a specific one.\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>A non-restrictive modifier<\/strong>, meanwhile, is a clause that is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. For example: \u201cJade, a quick-learning girl, loves her dog and her grandfather.\u201d In this sentence, while \u201ca quick-learning girl\u201d does provide some context to who Jade is, it is not essential to the ultimate meaning of the sentence.<\/p><p>Often what qualifies as a restrictive or non-restrictive modifier is very context dependent. However, there are a few quick ways to tell, as seen on the next page.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff1b992 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ff1b992\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef1fa6c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"ef1fa6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89003f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89003f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><em>Which<\/em>,\u00a0<em>That<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>Who<\/em><\/h2><\/div><\/div><p><em>Which<\/em>,\u00a0<em>that,<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>who<\/em>\u00a0can act as tip-offs about whether a modifier is restrictive or non-restrictive. For instance, a modifier proceeded by\u00a0<em>that<\/em>\u00a0is typically restrictive: \u201cThis is the green house\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0we bought last summer.\u201d\u00a0<em>Which<\/em>, meanwhile, typically proceeds non-restrictive modifiers: \u201cThe house,\u00a0<strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0we bought last summer, is green.\u201d\u00a0<\/p><p><em>Who<\/em>, meanwhile, is a little more context dependent. For example, you can have \u201cI need to meet with the one\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0filed the budget\u201d, which is restrictive, but you can also have \u201cI met with John,\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0filed the budget\u201d. Often it requires your discretion as a writer to distinguish the two. However, if the modifier is restrictive, then\u00a0<em>who<\/em>\u00a0will usually be interchangeable with\u00a0<em>that<\/em>.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;font-family: Raleway, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 0.9375rem;font-weight: bold;text-transform: uppercase\">Your Turn: Test Your Understanding!<\/span><\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-76\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"76\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Identifying Restrictive and Non-restrictive Qualifiers\"><\/iframe><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43becc7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"43becc7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bc287f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2bc287f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c968b74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c968b74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span style=\"color: #000080\">Punctuating Qualifiers<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Next is the issue of how to punctuate modifiers. Ultimately, once you have determined whether a modifier is restrictive or non-restrictive, it becomes a simple matter to punctuate. A restrictive modifier does not require its own punctuation. Non-restrictive modifiers, meanwhile, should be set off by commas (one if at the end of the sentence, two if in the middle). Example: My sister, Martha, is a nurse.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;font-family: Raleway, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 0.9375rem;font-weight: bold;text-transform: uppercase\">Your Turn: Test Your Understanding!<\/span><\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-85\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"85\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Punctuating Qualifiers\"><\/iframe><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b3674b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4b3674b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-548e718 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"548e718\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c69abfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c69abfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span style=\"color: #000080\">Self-Check<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element \"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-29\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"29\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Qualifiers Wrap-up\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35365ea3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"35365ea3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19e3ee74 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"19e3ee74\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-234abcc2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"234abcc2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5cd006 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c5cd006\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additonal Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-524452c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"524452c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Below are some great links to follow if you want to read more on restrictive and non-restrictive qualifiers:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.upwritepress.com\/_blog\/Write_for_Business_-_Blog\/post\/Using_Punctuation_Commas_to_Set_Off_Nonrestrictive_Modifiers\/\">Upwrite Press Blog<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/englishplus.com\/grammar\/00000081.htm\">English Plus<\/a><\/li><li>https:\/\/writing.wisc.edu\/handbook\/grammarpunct\/commas\/<\/li><\/ul><p>If you would like to talk any of this through then we look forward to talking to you.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www1.twu.ca\/writingcentre\">Book an appointment!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c254082 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c254082\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b388d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b388d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>\u00a0<\/h2><h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"ui-provider ed bts axo axp axq axr axs axt axu axv axw axx axy axz aya ayb ayc ayd aye ayf btt btu ayi ayj ayk ayl aym ayn ayo ayp ayq ayr ays ayt ayu\" dir=\"ltr\">Now, return to the Learning Commons Resource Moodle and do the exit quiz to confirm your new knowledge!<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Often when writing, we need to add further clarification about a noun beyond simply using the noun itself. This qualifying information can either provide new information about the noun or cause the noun to refer to a more specific person, place, or thing<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":123,"featured_media":9763,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-quickstart-guides"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/files\/2024\/03\/23.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pad6JM-13U","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4086"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12845,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4086\/revisions\/12845"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/create.twu.ca\/learningcommons\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}