Response- reflection- Unit 4, LA 4.5

Response – Unit 4-LA 4.5 and Reflection to Unit 4, LA 4.1

Unit 4 Learning Activities

In response to Omolewa Ahmad- LA 4.5

Question:

Is it possible to apply the principles of servant leadership in situations where the leader lacks the charisma of a messiah or an extraordinary person?

My question was informed from the conceptual framework presented in the study of servant leadership (Sendjaya & Sarros, 2002), one of the leaders was an extraordinary person while the other was a messiah. I could not help thinking about the character of the leaders – Leo and Jesus Christ; if they had no charisma, would their “servanthood” have been noticed?

My response;

Charisma is a result of excellent communication interpersonal skills, as these skills can be learned and developed. So according to your question, they can be developed. Its all about interacting with people around you and try to meet their needs positively. Being confident about supporting others when needed and applying positive thinking optimistically. It’s the notion of the SL movement to transform to meet the needs and interest, which opposed to their needs. I did read the article: Servant leadership: Its origin, development, and application in organizations, by (Sendjaya & Sarros, 2002), and I enjoyed and learned from it the notion of SL.

January 27, 2018January 27, 2018

Learning activity 4.5-Unit4

Unit 4 Learning Activities

As a consumer of research reports, the most important thing(s) for me in the introduction section of a high-quality research report is/are . . .

Based on my research questions, the topic has the relevant answer to my inquiry which I can find in the abstract and the introduction; I need to decide if I want to have explanations or exploration to answer my research questions. What I need to process my research questions. Plano- Clark, and Cresswell(2015) explained the reasons behind reading research to add knowledge, inform your position on policies and help improve the practice to expand upon your inquiry research question. Therefore, Is the issue needs to be studied found?, then justifying the importance of the problem concerning the deficiencies in the knowledge about the problem required (Plano- Clark, and Cresswell, 2015, p.91). Once the researchers specify the purpose of their study, they can conduct their research through a process of research and research design ( Plano- Clark, and Cresswell, 2015, p. 14).

Finding the framework for my research interest, selecting participants and the proper siting to examine the inquiry research questions, then use the appropriate method of analysis to conduct the research based on the previous literature review. The audience that may benefit from research, in my opinion, any practitioners or other individuals would use the missing knowledge if it became known. Plano- Clark, and Cresswell, 2015, p91).

Organizing the literature into themes, literature map will have a better understanding of the framework that designed.

Method of conduct, data analysis, results with rational analysis to the critical results, and practical implications add value to the quality of chosen literature in comparison to what was done related to the topic of interest.

Finally, What more Researchers, practitioners, or audience can contribute?

Reference

Plano-Clark, V., & Creswell, J. (2015). Understanding research: A consumer’s guide (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

January 27, 2018February 5, 2018

Learning activity 4.4-Unit 4

Unit 4 Learning Activities

Hunter, E. M., Neubert, M. J., Perry, S. J., Witt, L. A., Penny, L. M., & Weinberger, E. (2013). Servant leaders inspire servant followers: Antecedents and outcomes for employees and the organization. Leadership Quarterly, 24(2), 316-331.

Is the study’s purpose clearly specified?

The purpose of the study stated in the abstract “Our purpose was to test the relationship between personality servant leadership and critical followers and organizational outcomes”(Hunter et al.2015). However, they refer to it in the introduction section as “a need to better understand better the influence of servant leadership….”. Also, on the other hand, “more advanced research design and comprehensive exploration…..” to explain their intent of this study, framework, and model, participants, and setting. The signal for the purpose with the intent of the study included.

Rated 3

Is the focus of the study appropriate?

The two major predictor/measured variables identified are leader agreeableness and leader extraversion and also included personality/individual level of SL and store-level SL. They included the dependent variables such as followers perceptions of the SL, followers turnover intentions, disengagement, followers helping/sales behavior, task-focused OCB-I, and store performance. Besides, control variables included service climate as a mediator in all levels of relationship between leadership and followers variables. No confounding variable detected, however; in the limitation, un-controlled recruitment process by managers found which introduces sampling bias.

Rated 3

Is the overall intent of the study appropriate?

The overall intent of the study explained, described, and predicted the major variables.

They also tested the relationship the SL model on multi-level of theory and analysis in respect to followers and service climate. They included ten hypotheses to vision the relationship and its results.

Rated 3

Are the participants and the sites appropriate?

They used multilevel and multi-source model, surveyed 224 stores of a retail organization including 425 followers, 110 store managers, and 40 regional managers. The general people and setting fit the focus and intent.

Rated 3

Is the purpose of the study narrowed through appropriate research questions and/or hypotheses?

They presented ten hypotheses follow from the purpose by examining the specific relationship among variables and making predictions about the relationship as 1)leadership agreeableness is positive to followers perceptions of servant leadership. 2)leader extraversion is negatively related to followers perceptions of servant leadership. 3)Individual-level servant leadership is negatively related to follower turnover intentions. 4)Individual-level servant leadership is negatively related to follower disengagement. 5)store-level servant leadership is positively related to follower helping behavior. 6)Service climate mediates the relationship between store-level servant leadership and followers turnover intentions. 7)service climate mediates the relationship between store-level servant leadership and followers disengagement. 8)Service climate mediates the relationship between store-level servant leadership and follower helping behavior. 9)Service climate mediates the relationship between store-level servant leadership and followers sales behavior. 10)Service climate mediates the relationship between store-level servant leadership and followers sale behavior.

Rate 3

Does the purpose of the study follow logically from the statement of the problem and the literature review?

The reasons for the study’s major variables, intent, theory, participants, and sites well argued. The purpose research questions are formulated from existing knowledge to fill their research inquiry and produce results may have significance for the audience.

Rate 3

Is the purpose consistent with the study’s overall approach?

The purpose an, research questions, and hypotheses are narrow and specific. They based on the literature and applicable theory to fill their research inquiry, they remain fixed during the study. They describe trends in variables, and relationship between the groups. The study fits quantitative research approach.

Rate 3

Quality rating

0=Poor

1= Fair

2= Good

3= Excellent

Overall quality

0-10= Low quality

11-16=Average quality

17-21= High quality

Total score=21

My overall assessment=21

Reference

Plano-Clark, V., & Creswell, J. (2015). _Understanding research: A consumer’s guide _(2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

January 27, 2018February 5, 2018

Learning activity 4.4-Unit 4

Unit 4 Learning Activities

Is the study’s purpose clearly specified?

The purpose of the study stated in the abstract “Our purpose was to test the relationship between personality servant leadership and critical followers and organizational outcomes”(Hunter et al.2015). However, they refer to it in the introduction section as “a need to better understand better the influence of servant leadership….”. Also, on the other hand,” more advanced research design and comprehensive exploration…..” to explain their intent of this study, framework, and model, participants, and setting. The signal for the purpose with the intent of the study included (Hunter et al., 2015, p.316).

Rated 3

Is the focus of the study appropriate?

Rated 3

Is the overall intent of the study appropriate?

The overall intent of the study explained, described, and predicted the major variables.

Rated 3

Are the participants and the sites appropriate?

Rated 3

Is the purpose of the study narrowed through appropriate research questions and/or hypotheses?

Rate 3

Does the purpose of the study follow logically from the statement of the problem and the literature review?

Rate 3

Is the purpose consistent with the study’s overall approach?

The purpose, research questions, and hypotheses are narrow and specific. They based on the literature and applicable theory to fill their research inquiry, they remain fixed during the study. They describe trends in variables, and relationship between the groups. The study fits quantitative research approach( Hunter et al., 2015, p.319-321).

Rate 3

Quality rating

0=Poor

1= Fair

2= Good

3= Excellent

Overall quality

0-10= Low quality

11-16=Average quality

17-21= High quality

Total score=21

My overall assessment=21

Reference

Plano-Clark, V., & Creswell, J. (2015). _Understanding research: A consumer’s guide _(2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

January 26, 2018January 27, 2018

Learning activity 4.3-Unit 4

Unit 4 Learning Activities

Does the review include relevant literature?

The researchers used literature in the introduction section of this review to provide evidence for the research problem to clarify what it was understood and what it needs to understand and expand upon the findings following their literature map.

The central core value of this study focused on servant leadership personality, antecedents servant leadership, individual level. Also, servant leadership group level, the influence of SL on a range of multilevel outcomes, the differential influences of SL conceptualized at the individual level, group levels which includes turnover intentions and disengagement examined (Hunter et al., 2015, p.316).

They depicted a model to address the need to integrate multiple levels of theory and analysis. Also, they apply social influence theory to better understand the influence of SL on a range of multi-level outcomes through service climate concept which includes performance, behaviors, task-focused- OCB individual level and group level ( Hunter et al., 2015, p.317).

Rated 3

Does the review examine sources that are recent and of high quality?

Regarding Greenleaf’s (1970) essay,” the servant- leader is a servant first” (Greenleaf, 1991, p.13) on servant leadership movement; there is about eight literature from the last ten years supports the study. Furthermore, they support the study with literature from 1964 to understand service climate and SL influences on multi-level to initiate a cycle service, either directly or indirectly through service climate(Hunter et al., 2015, p.316).

Rate 3

Is the literature review documented properly?

The study document citation, In-text references and End-of-text references to provide support for all ideas drawn from the literature. They are correct, complete, and in a consistent style.

Rate 3

Is the literature thoughtfully synthesized?

The literature is organized in the sense of theme and subtopics and briefly cite literature to document the chosen theme. The subtopics were included through a level of construct and cycle of service and depicted in a literature map.

Rated 3

Is the literature critically examined?

The literature reviewed the deficiency in the previous literature, and they expand upon to include the multi-level and multi-source data to assess leadership personality and followers outcomes in a cycle of service. It based on perceptions of raters both above and below the leader. They included the none- significant response as a limitation to results considering only store managers without controlling recruitment process ( Hunter et al., 2015, p.328). However, the practical implication of the study is to adopt SL values in large companies, including manager and programs that transform leaders and managers to servant leadership model Hunter et al., 2015, p.329). Also, suggested the vital role of personality testing which based on the level of care for others (agreeableness) instead of their outgoing nature (extraversion).

Rated 3

Does the study have a strong foundation in the literature?

The study has a strong foundation, which they included the problem and deficiencies, then the purpose of the study and the approach, methods, and results to explicitly informed literature.

They expanded upon the reviewed literature to support their findings in examining the two traits that associated with cognitive-motivational process relevant to servant leadership. Therefore, they studied leaders agreeableness and extraversion behavior and the outcomes of these traits on both followers and organizational goal (Hunter et al., 2015, p.317).

Rate 3

Does the literature fit the study’s overall approach?

The study fits in Quantitative approach study, which they identified a conceptual framework that informs their inquiry.

Rated=3

Quality rating

0=Poor

1= Fair

2= Good

3= Excellent

Overall quality

0-10= Low quality

11-16=Average quality

17-21= High quality

Total score=21

My overall assessment=21

Reference

Plano-Clark, V., & Creswell, J. (2015). _Understanding research: A consumer’s guide _(2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

January 25, 2018January 26, 2018

Learning Activity 4.2-Unit 4

Learning activity 4.2

Unit 4 Learning Activities

Is the topic interesting?
The topic has the attractive part apply when servant leaders inspire servant followers, therefore the positive impact on employees’ outcomes, climate service, and organization. I found it pertinent and engaging in my research interest related to leadership study.

Rated 3

Is there a meaningful problem?
In this study, a need to understand better the influence of servant leadership has on a range of multilevel outcomes, and the differential influences of leadership conceptualized at the individual and group level. On the other hand, more advanced research design and comprehensive exploration that will benefit scholars and managers to understand better how to apply servant leadership best and what benefits can be expected. To a certain extent, the study addresses two problems that need to be solved, and they explicitly stated.

Rated 3

Is the importance of the problem justified?
The study provided the necessity to advance understanding particularly servant leadership and provided clear evidence of the importance of the problem through reviewing literature that supports understanding leadership in general, and particularly servant leadership. They refer to Liden et al. (2008) & Walumbawa et al.(2010a).

Rated 3

Are there deficiencies in the knowledge about the problem?
To a certain extent, as a result, Liden et al. (2008), only one individual-level servant leadership emerged as a significant predictor. More extensive multi-level model of servant leadership found in Wlaumbawa et al. (2010a); however, it wasn’t answering the scholars’ inquiry about social influence framework. So they expand upon their findings. Only one study linked to leader agreeableness to servant leader behaviors and no study has investigated leader extroversion which they are the core value of this study.

Rated 3

Is an audience identified and are there specific examples of how the audience can use the missing knowledge?

It was apparently noted the study would benefit scholar and managers better understand how to apply servant leadership best and what the benefit expected from this emphasis. Its posted in Leadership Quarterly, which I believe will have an interest in all leadership forms.

Rated 2

Does the passage clearly argue that the study is warranted?
The topic, problem, justification, deficiencies, and audiences form logical, coherent, and convincing argument that the study is of interest, significant, and needed. It proposed that “Servant leaders initiate the cycle of service, influencing a range of multi-level outcomes through climate service.”

Rated 3

Is the passage well written?
To a certain extent, the passage was engaging, concise, and easy to follow.

Rated 3

Rating scale for evaluating the statement of the problem in research report

Quality rating

0=Poor

1= Fair

2= Good

3= Excellent

Overall quality

0-10= Low quality

11-16=Average quality

17-21= High quality

Total score=21

My overall assesment=20

Reference

Plano-Clark, V., & Creswell, J. (2015). _Understanding research: A consumer’s guide _(2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.